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Dewil Valley
Palawan is the largest province in the Philippines with an area of 14, 789.66 km2, representing about 5% of the Philippines’ local territory. The study area, the Dewil Valley, is located on the northern part of Palawan. It is approximately 9 kilometers away from the town of El Nido. Its area is 7 kilometers long and 4 kilometers wide. Excavations and studies of the area has identified Dewil Valley as an archaeologically rich area, and has led to the understanding of the prehistory of the Philippines.
One of the most important archeological sites, the Ille Cave, is found in this area, specifically in Barangay New Ibajay, El Nido (Archaeological Studies Program, University of the Philippines).The Ille Karst tower is approximate 75 meters high from the base with a cave network of at least 3 cave mouths located at its base (Paz, et al., 2008). It has been found to be a multi-period and occupation site. Excavations and study of the cave, along with several sites in Dewil Valley has been done since 1998 (Balbaligo, 2007).
==Archaeological Discoveries==
Different archaeological evidences led to different revelations about the area. During the first excavation in 1998, the archaeologist were able to discover shell middens and human burials.Excavations in Ille continued in 2000 and 2002 at the West mouth and East mouth with deeper excavations. Evidence of shell middens, burials and similar artifacts in previous excavations were found. Dating of the cultural deposits below the shell midden placed it at an age of around 10,000 years old (Archaeological Studies Program, University of the Philippines). Continued excavations in 2004 resulted to the discovery of more human burials. In 2005, artifacts such as pottery design and nephrite ornaments reinforced the connection of Palawan to Mainland Southeast Asia (Paz, et al., 2008). Excavations in the year 2006 resulted to greater understanding of the stratigraphy of the cave and the first cremation burial was first uncovered in the East mouth trench (Paz, et al., 2008). In the field season in 2007 of Ille cave, approximately 11 complete and incomplete burials were found in the East and West mouth trenches including possibly human cremations and tiger bones in the East mouth trench(Balbaligo, 2007; Paz, et al., 2008). Further exploration of other cave sites in the valley were explored and evidences of human activity along with archaeological features and burial with grave goods were found near the cave entrance of Pasimbahan cave (Balbaligo, 2007).In 2008, continuing excavations of the Ille site reconfirmed the practice of cremation with the recovery of two cremation features at the 9000 years deposit (Paz, et al., 2008).
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